This past Monday I had the honour of being a panelist in celebration of Hate Crime Awareness Day here in Edmonton. Thanks to Stephen Camp, Kris Wells and Angela Renwick in their efforts to put this together and to bring the community to a place where we could have a public discussion on the impacts of hate in our community and to try and develop solutions towards change. Thank you to Ken Smith, Tim Tamaguchi and Ian Mathieson for being part of that panel with me.
Special thanks go to Ted Kerr and all those in the Community Response Project for coming to challenge and ask the critical questions for the night and a special thank you to Ted for noticing and supporting my cry on facebook weeks ago upon learning about the assault on an 18 year old First Nations youth in Edmonton that is not just horrendous but absolutely unacceptable in our community.
Special and utmost thanks to Bernadette Iahtail for sharing this story with me and letting me reach out to try and see if we could get a reaction. Thank you Bernadette as well for coming on Monday to raise the questions on this important case. I would have wished to see many more from the Aboriginal community there so we could hear their voice. I also would have wished to see more people from the Somali and Sudanese communities who need to be heard as well. Thank you to Jacqueline Fayant for pointing out that it is precisely the voice of Aboriginal people that has been appropriated historically as well. We have to trust that whoever there are the right people and the momentum is starting…
Below are my notes from my talk which I have no regrets over. I am just hoping the discussions can continue and that we all continue to talk and move on this. Thank you for paying attention.
I was nervous to talk tonight because I toe two lines… I know these men up here are trying to do their job the best they can with the tools they have at their disposal. I also know people in the community who are impacted and affected by hate crime and other acts of discrimination. This is real… we are all part of this and there are shortcomings on all sides. But progress is being made and we have to be cognizant of that and participate in that.
One of the critical aspects around reporting hate crime however is a general lack of trust in law enforcement to respond effectively to a crime, that things will not be addressed or changed, and for some communities, it may involve a fear of backlash if there is a reporting on hate crime. There is a general lack of trust of law enforcement in the community.
Few Aboriginal people in Alberta seek help to address any forms of discrimination beyond the support of family and friends. Even at the Human Rights Commission level, they do not report because they don’t have faith in the system, or they aren’t aware of how it works. Their past experiences are not always good in these systems and so there is a real belief that there is no support there. In a recent report by the Aboriginal Commission on Human Rights and Justice, individuals who had sought help in the past felt that there was no support or action to address abuses and felt no changes would occur if they did lodge a complaint. History is what they know… both in the longer term historical context of indigenous marginalization but also in terms of their experience with this system when they try to have their rights addressed. In this report, Aboriginal communities remark that interactions with the police are among the highest areas where they experience discrimination – so if this is the case, there are severe problems and barriers in front of reporting becoming an accepted outlet and practise.
One of the questions that law enforcement needs to consider is what message do we send out to the community if here is a perception of lack of response? I say perception because there are often things happening… but the public only responds to what is publicly known.
There is an intricate balance for police in enforcing the law to support individual rights, but maintaining social order to support our collective rights. As a community, we need to understand that there are sensitivities around hate crime investigation. We need to be aware of how the investigation processes work and what avenues exist – such as the current liaison committees. We have a right to know this information and while there is a responsibility of law enforcement to raise awareness of this, we as the public have a responsibility to engage constructively with this as well. We have the right to ask the questions but we also have to be willing to work in collaboration and trust.
It is critical for the communities to be working to constructively engage and support the police to ensure investigations take place effectively as well as to hold police accountable. We have a role in this. Trust is an underlying issue however – longer term historical tensions and challenges confront us. We have an Aboriginal community that continues to face the legacy of colonialism. We have immigrant communities coming from countries where the police are not a trust authority. This is a complex issue.
We can’t necessarily dismantle a whole system to start anew however… we have to address the systemic issues of racism and other isms around race, religion, sexuality, ability etc while addressing these specific crimes. It is a journey. Law is not necessarily final and complete or perfect. It is evolving… hate crime is still a relatively new area. We can be critics but we have to be constructive critics. We have to ask the right questions and we have to ask for accountability.
It leads to the underlying questions of why hate crime is a problem in our communities. The culture of violence that exists has fundamental underlying social norms that have embedded themselves – from racism to sexism… you name it. But this all doesn’t get addressed through law enforcement. That is a reaction to crime.
We need to fundamentally support those programs that prevent crime and prevent the normalization and acceptance of disrespect and intolerance. Bullying in schools is a paramount issue and we need those programs such as with the Centre for Race and Culture, Safe and Caring Schools and the John Humphrey Centre for Peace and Human Rights that work to engage youth and children in understanding the value of diversity and respect for human dignity. Organizations like ours should NOT be undervalued and we often are because those preventative approaches aren’t necessarily immediately tangible… we are working for longer term change; for a change in social norms.
Hate crime is about deeply embedded intolerance – on the side of fanaticism. It underlines a belief system that some humans are worth more than others. In my mind, this is one of the worst crimes – to have claimed direct overt privilege and entitlement over another and for what reasons? Because of one’s own security and fear? This is a direct conscious violation of human rights – or in essence, human dignity. It is one of the gravest violations of human dignity AND collective rights. This is the unique issue around hate crime.
This is why events like this are critical – this public discussion is just that… public. It has to be open to the broader community to know that we all as a community do not support hate crime. It is not acceptable but we need to figure out HOW we work together to address it.
These people sitting here on this panel today are here for the right reasons. They are here because they care sincerely about this issue and want to ensure that hate crimes are addressed. We are all here for that reason. My challenge to everyone is to consider what each of our role is in creating a community that says NO to hate crime and that supports each other in preventing it, but also addressing it when it occurs. There needs to be support to the police to investigate but also to the communities affected by the crime.
Police walk a fine line in addressing crime motivated by hate. They need community support. They don’t necessarily have this because of a culture of distrust which has historical roots. They are often trying to balance the sensitivity of the case and the need for the space to conduct investigations effectively. But the public needs to hear about these issues as well. There is a fine line here to balance. Hate crimes bring intense media scrutiny but often the public and media are also not privy to the critical information that can not be released. Hate crime involves a complicated investigation process and getting to the truth is no easy process because of the internal and external barriers.
Law enforcement’s response to hate crime can be pivotal to determining the psychological stress of victims. Being responsive and effective in addressing hate crime brings that necessary trust we need. If we don’t respond to cases brought forward as hate crimes by investigating, this gives he perception of a reinforcement of the structure of privilege. Fine lines are at play here.
So what does this mean? There has to be real efforts of local police to build real relationships with communities. Our local liaison committees in Edmonton are essential but people need to know about this and these committees need to have the support and resources to build this awareness and to connect with the community. I think of the example in and around Hobbema and Wetaskiwin called Citizens for Healthy Communities who have stood up as stakeholders throughout the area as a community to say enough is enough and law enforcement, education, members of the public and more are taking action on groups such as the Hobbema Haters.
In communities, there is also a need for trained advocates to support their communities. This can link to the liaison committees but to build trust, they need to be seen as separate from law enforcement.
Enough is enough. We have to do something about crime and hate. We have to do it together.